ANTENATAL CARE AS THE PREDICATOR OF MORTALITY IN OJO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
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- 1-5 Chapters
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- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
Background of the study
The moments immediately after delivery and during birth itself provide the highest danger of death for newborns. The death rate of newborns continues to be a pressing issue and is a significant indication of the health, development, and overall well-being of children. [Fadayomi, 1991] estimates that nearly 11 children pass away every minute, making the global rate of child mortality an unfinished agenda item for the Millennium Development Goals (MDG4). This rate is unacceptablely high. There was an improvement of 3.9% in terms of the rate of child mortality in the year 2015. However, progress has been modest in reducing neonatal mortality compared to post-neonatal mortality (the number of babies dying between 28 and 364 days of age): 47% compared with 58% worldwide. This is due to the fact that post-neonatal mortality is the number of newborns dying between 28 and 364 days of age. The death rate among newborns accounts for 44 percent of the overall death rate among children under the age of five worldwide. The day of birth also serves as the last day of life for a significant number of babies. There are approximately to one million fatalities of neonates that occur on the first day of life, and there are close to two million deaths of newborns in the first week of life. All nations have established the goal of reducing newborn mortality to 12 or fewer deaths per 1,000 live births by the year 2030, and to 10 or fewer deaths per 1,000 live births by the year 2035, as part of their efforts to realise the Sustainable Development Strategies (SDS). In the decade that followed the Millennium Development Goals, there has been a corresponding increase in focus placed on the problem of infant mortality. Even while the mortality rate for children under the age of five fell in all areas of low-income countries, these nations are seeing an increase in the percentage of illness and mortality among newborns [1]. In Africa, 3,100 babies lose their lives during the first 28 days of their lives every single day. Studies have shown that infections such as tetanus, sepsis, and pneumonia, as well as preterm birth problems and birth asphyxia, are the top causes of mortality among newborns in the majority of the nations that make up sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) [Compass, 2010]. The under-five mortality rate in Nigeria decreased at an annual rate of 4.1% between the years 2000 and 2016, indicating that the country made headway in its effort to lower that rate. Despite this, the death rate for newborns is rather significant. It is believed that this is due, at least in part, to women not using or underusing the resources that are available for maternal health care. During pregnancy, labour, and the postoperative period, almost half of the women and their newborns who are eligible for SSA do not get expert care. In high burden nations, the provision of efficient and timely maternal health care before conception, as well as throughout pregnancy and delivery, has the potential to save the lives of over 3 million babies. Direct treatments have the potential to avert the majority of fatalities that occur in neonates [Brigida, 2002]. There is evidence to show that two thirds of neonatal fatalities may be averted if all expectant women and infants had access to treatments that were both cost-effective and direct, and if they received care from trained medical professionals throughout pregnancy and delivery. The term "antenatal care" (ANC) refers to the care that is given by trained medical professionals to pregnant women and teenage girls. The goal of this treatment is to ensure that both the mother and the unborn child have the greatest possible health circumstances while they are in the womb. [Brigida, 2002] reports that researchers studying the impact of ANC therapies on maternal and infant health outcomes have offered mixed findings. It has been established in two recent systematic studies that were carried out in both high-income and low-income countries that there is inadequate evidence of the influence that prenatal care has on the lowering of the death rate of newborns [Basu, 2002]. Both of these studies were carried out solely on women who were socially disadvantaged and vulnerable, and they compared a lesser number of ANC visits to the conventional model (depending on the number of visits).Therefore, taking into account the many and contradictory findings about the influence of ANC on the mortality rate in Nigeria, [Ashford, 2002]. Therefore,the aim of this study is to examine antenatal care as the predicator of mortality in ojo local government area.
Statement of the problem
Only minor advances in maternal mortality reduction seem to have been accomplished in many countries during the last 20 years (Shah and Say, 2007). This is despite the fact that there have been many policies, declarations, and other activities all over the world targeted at lowering the rate of maternal mortality.
It was the goal of the Federal Ministry of Health in Nigeria to bring the rate of maternal death down by fifty percent by the time the aim was reached. In spite of this, not only were these objectives not met, but the current state of maternal health in Nigeria is one that is far worse than it was in prior years (Ujah et al 2005). Previous attempts to lower the incidence of maternal death in Nigeria focused mostly on making immediate changes to the country's health care systems. These initiatives have not incorporated a sufficient amount of money for the nation to effectively lower the rate of maternal death. When it comes to the monitoring and assessment of different developmental objectives, such as the Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5 (MDG-4 & MDG-5), adequate prenatal care as well as mother and child health are key markers of success in developing countries. In particular, this is true for the monitoring of progress in developing nations. In sub-Saharan Africa, poor maternal health continues to be a serious problem, with Nigeria having a place among the nations with the worst maternal and child death rates in the world.. Hence, the study seeks to examine antenatal care as the predicator of mortality in ojo local government area.
Objective of the study
The broad objective of the study is to examine antenatal care as the predicator of mortality in ojo local government area. The specific objectives is as follows:
- To examine the level of antenatal attendance among pregnant women in Ojo local government area.
- To find out whether antenatal care has reduced mortality rate among pregnant women in Ojo local government area.
- To investigate the level of mortality rate among pregnant women in Ojo local government area.
- To recommend ways that mortality rate can be reduced among pregnant women in Ojo local government area
Research Questions
The following questions have been prepared for the study:
- What is the level of antenatal attendance among pregnant women in Ojo local government area?
- Have antenatal care reduced mortality rate among pregnant women in Ojo local government area?
- What is the level of mortality rate among pregnant women in Ojo local government area?
- What are the ways that mortality rate can be reduced among pregnant women in Ojo local government area?
Significance of the study
the study will be significant in the following ways:
Government: this study will be significant to the government as it will see the need to invest more in the health sector, especially in the reduction of child mortality rate.
Academia: this study will be of significance to the academic community as it will contribute to the existing literature on knowledge on cause and prevention of anaemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic.
1.6 Scope of the study
The study will examine the level of antenatal attendance among pregnant women in Ojo local government area. The study will also find out whether antenatal care has reduced mortality rate among pregnant women in Ojo local government area. The study will further investigate the level of mortality rate among pregnant women in Ojo local government area. Lastly, the study will recommend ways that mortality rate can be reduced among pregnant women in Ojo local government area. Hence, the study is delimited to Ojo local government, Lagos State.
1.7 Limitations of the study
Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.
1.8 Definition of terms
Antenatal : before birth; during or relating to pregnancy.
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